As sustainability continues to guide how we design the built environment, passive design strategies have taken center stage. These techniques reduce the need for mechanical systems by using the natural environment to heat, cool, and light buildings—leading to lower energy costs, enhanced occupant comfort, and more resilient structures.

In this post, we’re highlighting one key passive design strategy for heating, cooling, and lighting, and how they can be implemented effectively.

Passive Heating: South-Facing Windows for Solar Gain

In cooler climates, south-facing windows are one of the most effective ways to naturally heat a building. When properly designed, they allow sunlight to enter during the winter months, warming interior surfaces and reducing the need for mechanical heating.

How it works:

• Sunlight enters through south-facing windows in winter.
• Interior materials like concrete or stone absorb the heat (thermal mass).
• Heat is gradually released, maintaining comfort into the evening.

Tips for success:

• Use energy-efficient glazing to retain warmth.
• Add roof overhangs to block summer sun.
• Pair with insulated thermal mass for optimal heat storage.

Passive Cooling: Cross Ventilation

When designed thoughtfully, cross ventilation can provide natural cooling by drawing cooler outside air through a building while exhausting warm indoor air. This creates a comfortable indoor climate without relying on air conditioning.

How it works:

• Openings on opposite walls allow air to flow through the space.
• Warm air is displaced by cooler outdoor air, often driven by prevailing winds.
• Creates a natural breeze and improves indoor air quality.

Tips for success:

• Align openings with local wind patterns.
• Use operable windows, vents, or louvers.
• Keep interior spaces open to encourage airflow.

Natural Lighting: Daylighting with Clerestory Windows

Clerestory windows—those placed high on walls near the roofline—bring in abundant natural light without the glare or heat gain associated with large windows at eye level.

How it works:

• High-positioned windows capture diffused daylight.
• Light penetrates deeper into interior spaces.
• Reduces the need for artificial lighting during the day.

Tips for success:

• Face clerestory windows north (in the Northern Hemisphere) for consistent light.
• Incorporate light shelves to reflect daylight further indoors.
• Use daylight sensors to automatically dim electric lighting.

Designing with Purpose

At Schemmer, we take pride in designing environments that work with nature, not against it. Whether it’s maximizing winter sun, capturing cool summer breezes, or filling spaces with natural light, our architects and engineers integrate passive strategies into projects of all types and sizes.

Want to explore how passive design can elevate your next project? Let’s talk.

SCHEMMER – DESIGN WITH PURPOSE. BUILD WITH CONFIDENCE.

At Schemmer, we believe that great design goes beyond structures, it strengthens communities. As a full-service architecture, engineering, and construction field services consultant, we deliver innovative solutions that enhance the built environment and improve lives.

Since 1959, we have been shaping the future while honoring our legacy. With eight offices across five states in the Midwest, our expertise reaches coast-to-coast, bringing thoughtful, sustainable, and impactful solutions to every project.

Our Comprehensive Services:

• Architecture
• Structural Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering
• Electrical Engineering
• Site/Civil Engineering
• Transportation Engineering
• Water/Wastewater Engineering
• Surveying
• Interior Design
• Geotechnical Engineering
• Field Services

At Schemmer, we don’t just design—we create lasting impact. Let’s design a better future together.

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